spring rates given in lbs per square inch.
The "#" symbol is short for "lbs"
i.e. 160 lbs or 160#
So it takes 160 lbs to compress the spring 1 inch, 320 lbs to compress it 2 inches and so on...
Linear springs are the same rate from top to bottom and generally have evenly spaced coils. These have a more pronounced feel to them as they remain at a constant rate through out their compression/decompression. Linear springs are used in 99.9% of racing applications.
Progessive springs have a dual rate, designed for street use, as they have softer coils at the top or bottom to absourb the softer bumps and maintain ride comfort, but when pushed hard, the softer coils bunch up and then the remaining stiffer coils get in on the act and take over.
The numbers may look pretty high for the progessive springs, but they balance out to nearly the same as the linear springs. I don't know all the math behind it, but they aren't too far off. Plus add in the fact the progressive springs are lower, etc etc...thats engineer territory.